Ouch!
Sorry to hear that. The USB connection is handled through one chip that connects the disk to both processor and USB bus, and the processor switches it between both. So if it's not accessible through USB, it doesn't look good.
What device did you have again? h140 or h340?
For h1x0: the usb is on a daugtherboard, maybe a broken soldering?
For h3x0: if I ever get USBOTG working in rockbox, there's a small chance I can make it work in device mode so the disk is accessed in software over the second port (but at a much slower speed). So don't toss it away....