Yes but probably not very well, headphone preamps have a smaller gain (?3) rather than 20-30 in a mic preamp. You could alter the resistors in the feedback to the chip, to change the gain but they're very small to solder. Of course in doing this you may find they've used a noisy op amp and it'll be no good anyway!
It is however a neat little size, I wonder how well it works as a MP3 player preamp? But 65 euros seems to much if you google it some of the ipod forums say it costs $35 shipped to us or europe.