The "old standby" around here is the Denecke PS-2. Sound professionals used to offer a modified one with a 1/8" stereo minijack... which is ideal for your situation.
http://www.soundprofessionals.com/cgi-bin/gold/item/DEN-PS2If you go with the PSC phantom supply, like he said... you will need 2 of them. Then ideally a set of impedance transformers... the mics are low impedance, the recorder is high impedance. You can skip the transformers and just go with a Y-cable, but then you end up needing to add more gain at the recorder, and you might start to get hiss.
It's not clear how much of this gear you already own, or if it's "this is what I an planning to get". If you already have the mic, the recorder, and 1 phantom power supply, then you might as well just add the other phantom power supply and get the right cable. If you just own the mic, I would suggest a different recording setup, such as a small deck which has XLR's and phantom power and just run the mic into that. The phantom power supplies, transformers, and Y cables becomes a big pile of "stuff" in your bag, and not nearly as handy as you might have imagined the stereo mic and small recorder. I think I have a set of impedance transformers and a Y cable down to 1/8" in my junk box... I'll sell you for next to nothing, if you want to go that route.
As far as not blowing up any of the gear, you probably won't have a problem, they generally use blocking caps, but it's good to be cautious. If you plug the mic into the power supply, and power it up with no cable on the male XLR, measure the male XLR pins with a volt meter set to DC. If you see something like 48V from one pin to another, you shouldn't plug it into your mini-recorder. I expect you won't see that voltage, and you will be fine.
If you haven't bought the mic yet, consider these similar stereo mics... Rode NT4 and AT825 (the older model). They will run off an internal battery which eliminates the phantom power supply, so then you really are mic > recorder. (footnote... the NT4 comes with a 5pin XLR > 1/8" cable, but it has an attenuator built in, best replaced with a similar looking cable without the attenuator).