For $10k, you won't be able to get the perfect, uber-flexible, one-size-fits-all recording locker package for any and all purposes. But you can put together some really fantastic gear for $10k (and for a lot less, depending on one's goals).
I'm not a huge fan of large diaphragm mics unless I'm recording on-stage, so I'd skip the 170s, though their multi-pattern pickup can make for a lot of fun experimentation. While there's a lot of great sounding gear out there, I still love the Schoeps sound and modularity. And mics are king, so I'd focus my money there first, and secondarily on the back end.*
My picks:
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Description | # | Unit ($) | Ext ($)
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Schoeps MK 5 | 2 | 1,350 | 2,700
Schoeps MK 8 | 1 | 1,215 | 1,215
Schoeps CMC 6 | 3 | 929 | 2,787
Schoeps KC 5 | 3 | 575 | 1,725
Oade MOD Edirol R-44 | 1 | 995 | 995
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SUB-TOTAL 9,422
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Cables, mount, shockmounts, stand, w/s, etc. 588
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GRAND TOTAL 10,000
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The above setup would allow you to run coincident, near-coincident, or spaced cardioids, spaced or baffled omnis, mid-side, double mid-side (3-channels, hence the R-44), and 2-ch mics + 2-ch soundboard. This is all new, of course. Used would save you a good chunk of change - maybe enough for another MK 8 to support Blumlein, or a single or pair of MK 41 supercardioids, or a single or pair of MK 21 subcardioids, or another CMC6 to enable 4-mic recording, or upgrade the R-44 to a Sound Devices 744 + preamp, or...well, you get the idea. Lots of options!
Alternatively, instead of the R-44, for a little bit more you could go with 2 x Tascam HD-P2 (Oade MOD or not) and sync clocks for when you want to run > 2 channel. There may be other recorders that will give you 3-4 channels to support the above setup -- my goal isn't to list any and all possibilities, just one I think is pretty darn sweet.
* Speaking of backend, so to speak: do you have a sufficiently high quality playback system to enable you to benefit from all this great gear during listening?