My new AA batteries meter, on the average, a tad over 1.6v, which would make the actual voltage, via AA battery power, about 12.8v.
Also, if the vehicle is not running, the actual voltage would be 12.v from the car battery. Only when the generator is running would voltage into, but not necessary out of, the car battery, exceed 12v. I'm not sure the voltage from the car battery fluctuates as suggested. Indeed immediately downstream of the battery, I have a voltage regulator which smooths out the voltage for the rest of the car. I'd have to put a meter to the cigarette lighter to verify.
But you have my curiosity going here, so I'll probably meter the cigarette lighter when the car is off and on. I would expect the same voltage, but I could be wrong.